1 Samuel 28:21

Authorized King James Version

And the woman came unto Saul, and saw that he was sore troubled, and said unto him, Behold, thine handmaid hath obeyed thy voice, and I have put my life in my hand, and have hearkened unto thy words which thou spakest unto me.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַתָּב֤וֹא
came
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
#2
הָֽאִשָּׁה֙
And the woman
a woman
#3
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#4
שָׁא֔וּל
unto Saul
shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites
#5
וַתֵּ֖רֶא
and saw
to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
#6
כִּֽי
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#7
נִבְהַ֣ל
troubled
to tremble inwardly (or palpitate), i.e., (figuratively) be (causative, make) (suddenly) alarmed or agitated; by implication to hasten anxiously
#8
מְאֹ֑ד
that he was sore
properly, vehemence, i.e., (with or without preposition) vehemently; by implication, wholly, speedily, etc. (often with other words as an intensive or
#9
וַתֹּ֣אמֶר
and said
to say (used with great latitude)
#10
אֵלָ֗יו
near, with or among; often in general, to
#11
הִנֵּ֨ה
lo!
#12
וָֽאֶשְׁמַע֙
and have hearkened
to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
#13
שִׁפְחָֽתְךָ֙
unto him Behold thine handmaid
a female slave (as a member of the household)
#14
בְּקוֹלֶ֔ךָ
thy voice
a voice or sound
#15
וָֽאָשִׂ֤ים
and I have put
to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
#16
נַפְשִׁי֙
my life
properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment
#17
בְּכַפִּ֔י
in my hand
the hollow hand or palm (so of the paw of an animal, of the sole, and even of the bowl of a dish or sling, the handle of a bolt, the leaves of a palm-
#18
וָֽאֶשְׁמַע֙
and have hearkened
to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
#19
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#20
דְּבָרֶ֔יךָ
unto thy words
a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
#21
אֲשֶׁ֥ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#22
דִּבַּ֖רְתָּ
which thou spakest
perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue
#23
אֵלָֽי׃
near, with or among; often in general, to

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing life contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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